Meanwhile, the dipole‒dipole interaction facilitates the dissociation of ion clusters, further increasing the ionic conductivity.
This delicate structure affects the hydration state of nearby ions and improves ion mobility.
This fascinating discovery is attributed to the ice-like clathrate structure formed via electrostatic induction between zwitterionic groups and water molecules. This work designs zwitterionic hydrogel (PMH) electrolytes with ultrahigh ionic conductivity, whose ionic conductivity is 140%-160% of that of alkali metal chloride solution (LiCl, NaCl and KCl) and 130% of that of sulfuric acid solution. However, the critical limitation to the application of hydrogel electrolytes is that their ionic conductivity hardly rivals that of liquid electrolytes. Polymer hydrogel electrolytes combine the advantages of solvent-free solid electrolytes and liquid electrolytes, with a specific ion migration rate, excellent flexibility and safety.
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